How to scan and map your network in Kali Linux

Introduction

Warning: Obtaining unauthorized access to another's computer system or systems is illegal under the Computer Fraud & Abuse Act.

The following guide was made with the purpose of educating others on cyber security tools, technologies, and techniques with the intention of educating others on better protecting their own technologies and data. Please use the knowledge gained from this guide responsibly.

Étape 1 Launching Kali Linux

Start your computer and boot into Kali Linux.
Once Kali Linux has fully loaded, open the terminal or command line interface.

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Étape 2 Understanding Nmap

Nmap (Network Mapper) is a versatile and powerful network scanning tool.
It can be used to discover hosts, identify open ports, and gather information about network services running on those ports.

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Étape 3 Scanning a Target Network with Nmap

In the terminal, enter the following command to scan a target network: nmap [target IP or range]
Replace [target IP or range] with the IP address or IP range of the network you wish to scan.
Nmap will begin scanning the target network and display detailed information about discovered hosts and open ports.

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Étape 4 Analyzing Nmap Results

Examine the results displayed by Nmap.
Identify the discovered hosts, their IP addresses, and the open ports associated with each host.
Pay attention to the services running on open ports, as this information can help identify potential vulnerabilities.

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Étape 5 Using Netcat

Netcat is a powerful networking utility used for reading from and writing to network connections.
It can be used to establish connections with specific ports to gather further information about target systems.

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Étape 6 Gathering Information with Netcat

In the terminal, enter the following command to establish a connection with a target system: nc [target IP] [port]
Replace [target IP] with the IP address of the target system, and [port] with the specific port you want to connect to.
Netcat will attempt to establish a connection with the target system on the specified port.

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Étape 7 Analyzing Netcat Results

Once the connection is established, any information received from the target system will be displayed in the terminal.
Pay attention to the information provided, as it may include banners, service versions, or other details about the target system.

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Étape 8 Mapping the Network

Combine the information gathered from Nmap and Netcat to create a comprehensive map of the network.
Identify the relationships between hosts, IP addresses, open ports, and the services running on those ports.

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Conclusion

By following these steps, you have successfully utilized Nmap and Netcat in Kali Linux to discover and map network infrastructure, identify open ports, and gather information about target systems.